Properties | Stage 1 | Stage 2 | Stage 3 | Stage 4 |
Duration in Seconds | 7.00 | 2.70 | 1.10 | 0.30 |
Launch Speed | 2.00 | 5.00 | 0.00 | 2.00 |
Thrust Force | 10.10 | 20.00 | 20.00 | 0.00 |
Rotation in Degrees | 0.00 | 100.00 | 90.00 | 0.00 |
Rotation Axis | Right | Downward | Left | Right |
Star Type | Red | Red | Green | Yellow |
Final Sound | None | None | None | None |
Launch From | Stage-1 | Stage-2 | Stage-3 | |
Launch Direction | Ring | Downward | Forward | |
Number of Rockets | 5 | 1 | 1 | |
Launch Repetitions | 5 | 30 | 1 | |
Launch Offset in Seconds | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.00 |
Total Cost: Al Powder: 1 Papyrus Paper: 1 Gunpowder: X Red Glowers: 25 Green Glowers: 750 Yellow Glowers: 750
Note: Pharaoh made this into a ground firework, then Josh 'fixed' fireworks (apparently up and down were inversed) so now the ground firework fires into the ground. Still Pharaoh probably won't have the time to fix it before the end of the Telling so feel free to shoot them off...(Edit - changed the 2nd stage rotation and 3rd stage launch direction so that if you enter this into a mortar it should work as intended - Not tested -)
One of the first things that most pyromaniacs in Egypt will have noticed is that a shell fired straight up (with no thrust) will eventually slow to a stop and fall back down. From this the most common deduction is that gravity is a force to be reckoned with in Egypt.
Here is one way you can go about measuring it (and with the same experiment you gain access to one of the most useful firework components: the Hovering Platform).
First a little maths: the force of gravity is an acceleration straight down expressed in units of distance per second squared (these can be meters, feet, zoofangles, whatever... We'll use meters here because they're easy to represent) or gravity=G m/s2.
For the purpose of our experiment we'll be firing a shell straight up with a launch speed of S and no thrust. For each second of its flight the speed of the shell will be reduced by G, eventually hitting 0 and then going negative at which point the shell shall fall to the ground (naturally accelerating all the way). (formula: speed=S-GxT, T being the time in seconds).
The second stage of our experimental firework will have a launch speed of 0 and a Thrust of S (this is the same value as the launch speed of the first stage) and will also be pointing straight up. Now thrust, contrary to launch speed, is also an acceleration, expressed in m/s2, and in this case heading up in the opposite direction to G. If we set S to be the same value as G the thrust of the second stage will cancel out the effects of gravity completely.
So the firework will go something like this:
Since we're trying to measure G, let's get rid of one of the variables and set T to 1 second. The idea is to try different values of S until we manage to set it to the same value as G. Once S=G two things will happen.
If stage 2 climbs slowly then you will know that S is slightly greater than G, and if it falls slowly then you'll know that S is slightly smaller than G. Adjust S until stage 2 almost stops moving and you've experimentally measured the force of gravity.
Properties | Stage 1 | Stage 2 |
Duration in Seconds | 1.00 | Any |
Launch Speed | S | 0.00 |
Thrust Force | 0.00 | S |
Rotation in Degrees | 0.00 | 0.00 |
Rotation Axis | Right | Any |
Star Type | Any | Any |
Final Sound | None | None |
Launch From | Stage-1 | |
Launch Direction | Forward | |
Number of Rockets | 1 | |
Launch Repetitions | 1 | |
Launch Offset in Seconds | 0.00 |
Set S to 10.26 and you get a hovering platform that stays in place (mostly) for as long as you wish, this is a very useful stage to launch others from.
One important thing to remember for firework design: stage launch speed is relative to the speed of the previous stage at the time of launch. Let's call this effect 'Inertia'.
So unless your parent stage is at zero speed when the child stage launches it's initial direction of travel vector will be composed of the parent stage's direction vector plus the child stage's new direction vector (angle combined with launch speed).
Example :
Stage a is travelling upwards at speed 5 when it launches stage b. Stage b launches to the left, also at initial speed 5. The resulting direction of travel of stage b starts off at an angle of 45 degrees and a speed of 7.07. Note that the actual shell of stage b still pointing 'left' and is horizontal to the ground, and that the shell is affected by gravity...
Inertia and Gravity:
The trick to travelling in a straight line in any direction at a constant speed is to create the initial direction and speed then align the shell so its pointing up and make the thrust counteract gravity.
Here is a nice firework component that you can fit into any design you like. It only takes up 3 stages so you have plenty of room for other action.
The variables can be easily modified to make the spiral wider or tighter by changing the center stage rotation speed and the 'wing' stages speed/acceleration.
The basic idea is to make a stage that rotates rapidly with the 'wings' firing off from it to make the spiral shape. Note that the centre stage lasts for 3 seconds with the last of the wing glowers lasting 2 more this means you want to keep the pinwheel in the air for at least 5 seconds, so make sure you fire it high enough for this.
Add any questions you may have about this element and I will try to answer them here - Yargh -
Stage | Center | Wing 1 | Wing 2 |
Duration | 3s | 2s | 2s |
launch speed | any | 0 | 0 |
Thrust | 0 | 20 | 20 |
Rotation | 360 | 60 | 60 |
Rotation axis | upwards | upwards | upwards |
Launch from | any | center | center |
Launch direction | any | downwards | upwards |
# rockets | 1 (more if you wish) | 1 | 1 |
# repetitions | 1 (more if you wish) | 40 | 40 |
offset | 0 (as needed) | 0 | 0 |
Add any questions you may have about this firework and I will try to answer them here - Yargh -
The first section creates 3 hovering platforms that last 10 seconds. These are used as launch bases for the individual components.
Stage | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
Duration | 5 | 1 | 10 | 1 | 10 | 1 | 10 |
launch speed | 10.25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Thrust | 10.25 | 0 | 10.25 | 0 | 10.25 | 0 | 10.25 |
Rotation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Rotation axis | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Star Type | none | none | Violet | none | Violet | none | Violet |
Launch from | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 6 | |
Launch direction | forward | forward | forward | forward | forward | forward | |
# rockets | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
# repetitions | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
offset | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
This section creates the body of the butterfly, note how downwards rotation is used when I'm actually getting thrust pointing up. This is one of the mysteries of the ring launch direction (up seems to be down) and yet up and down are back to normal in stage 9 (the rotation direction is actually the reverse of stage 8's).
Stage | 8 | 9 |
Duration | 3 | 3 |
launch speed | 0 | 0 |
Thrust | 10 | 10 |
Rotation | 60 | 60 |
Rotation axis | down | down |
Star Type | Green | Green |
Launch from | 5 | 8 |
Launch direction | ring | forward |
# rockets | 15 | 1 |
# repetitions | 13 | 1 |
offset | 0 | 0 |
This simple stage creates the heart shaped head, again note the downwards rotation used to get the thrust to direct the shell up then in. Interestingly the non-glower shells do indeed rotate downwards which leads to the conclusion that the thrust is coming from the pointed end!
Stage | 10 |
Duration | 2.79 |
launch speed | 12 |
Thrust | 20 |
Rotation | 100 |
Rotation axis | down |
Star Type | Blue |
Launch from | 5 |
Launch direction | funnel |
# rockets | 2 |
# repetitions | 20 |
offset | 0 |
This next section handles the two antennae that sprout from the head. Stage 12's direction can be switched from right to left to change which side they fall to. Stages 19 and 20 were added later to give the antennae a more distinctive colour by superposing two glowers.
Stage | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | ... | 19 | 20 |
Duration | 0.1 | 0.1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
launch speed | 20 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
Thrust | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Rotation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Rotation axis | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | |
Star Type | none | none | Yellow | Yellow | Green | Green | |
Launch from | 7 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 14 | |
Launch direction | forward | right | left | right | forward | forward | |
# rockets | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
# repetitions | 20 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
offset | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.9 | 1.9 |
Finally we have the wings themselves. The use of a ring imposes the wing direction, so the pyrotechnician needs to place the mortar correctly for the audience get the best view. This is a common problem for 2D elements. Also note that yet again down is up when firing from a ring. Like stages 19 and 20, stage 18 is used to add a second colour to the wings and is not essential.
Stage | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 |
Duration | 1 | 0.5 | 7 | 7 |
launch speed | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Thrust | 0 | 50 | 9 | 9 |
Rotation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Rotation axis | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Star Type | none | none | Red | Yellow |
Launch from | 3 | 15 | 16 | 16 |
Launch direction | ring | down | forward | forward |
# rockets | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
# repetitions | 15 | 1 | 5 | 3 |
offset | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
and here is the final result:
[add: an awesome display of technical expertise and artwork, i will make this one again just to see it in action another time - GarrettH]
This table is arranged more in the form that the simulator takes. I figured there's a lot of data and it might be more clearer this way rather than the transposed table format used above. If you plug it into the version 0.7 of the simulator you will need to change Stage #3's rotation axis from up to down for it to work right. If you run it in version 0.7a, you will need to change stages 16 and 17's rotations from down to up. You will probably also want to increase the repetitions of stages 3, 16 and 17 to around 100 - 200 for a clear picture of what's going on with the tiny glower graphics, as well as perhaps change the color of stage 16 to something brighter (the blue is a bit dark).
Stage | Description | Duration | Speed | Thrust | Rotation | Axis | Color | Parent | Direction | Rockets | Reps | Offset |
1 | Initial | 3.5 | 35.91 | 0 | 0 | right | green | |||||
2 | Platform | 12 | 0 | 10.26 | 0 | right | none | 1 | forward | 1 | 1 | 0 |
3 | Branch Orientation | 0.01 | 30.78 | 0 | 9000 | up | none | 2 | ring | 6 | 40 | 0 |
4 | Main Branches (Falling) | 3 | 15.39 | 0 | 0 | right | green | 3 | forward | 1 | 1 | 0 |
5 | Main Branches (Rising) | 3 | 0 | 20.58 | 0 | right | green | 4 | forward | 1 | 1 | 0 |
6 | Main Branches (Falling) | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | right | green | 5 | forward | 1 | 1 | 0 |
7 | Main Branches (Levelling) | 3 | 0 | 12.39 | 0 | right | green | 6 | forward | 1 | 1 | 0 |
8 | Leaves (Left) | 1.5 | 41.04 | 0 | 0 | right | green | 4 | left | 1 | 1 | 1 |
9 | Leaves (Right) | 1.5 | 41.04 | 0 | 0 | right | green | 4 | right | 1 | 1 | 1 |
10 | Sub-Branches (Left) | 1 | 10.26 | 0 | 0 | right | green | 4 | left | 1 | 1 | 0 |
11 | Sub-Branches (Right) | 1 | 10.26 | 0 | 0 | right | green | 4 | right | 1 | 1 | 0 |
12 | Sub-Branches (Left) | 1 | 10.26 | 0 | 0 | right | green | 5 | left | 1 | 1 | 1.5 |
13 | Sub-Branches (Right) | 1 | 10.26 | 0 | 0 | right | green | 5 | right | 1 | 1 | 1.5 |
14 | Sub-Branches (Left) | 1 | 10.26 | 0 | 0 | right | green | 6 | left | 1 | 1 | 1.5 |
15 | Sub-Branches (Right) | 1 | 10.26 | 0 | 0 | right | green | 6 | right | 1 | 1 | 1.5 |
16 | Middle Petals | 2.7 | 20.58 | 75 | 120 | down | blue | 2 | ring | 8 | 50 | 0 |
17 | Outer Petals | 2.8 | 10.26 | 90 | 120 | down | red | 2 | ring | 8 | 50 | 0 |
18 | Inner Petals (Left) | 1.7 | 20.58 | 0 | 0 | right | red | 17 | left | 1 | 1 | 0 |
19 | Inner Petals (Right) | 1.7 | 20.58 | 0 | 0 | right | red | 17 | right | 1 | 1 | 0 |
20 | Stalk | 3.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | right | green | 2 | forward | 1 | 40 | 0 |
Total Cost: Al Powder: 87 Papyrus Paper: 1 Gunpowder: 2781 Red Glowers: 1200 Green Glowers: 2921 Blue Glowers: 400
I didn't get an in-game screen shot partly because it slipped my mind but also my framerate was too low to see how well it worked out. People seemed to like it, though, as it generated a 517 score. :) A couple other things to note: the left/right stuff may or may not be possible to do with single stages (combining left/right into ring, for example) but I didn't really have time to verify that orientations would be correct in the game. Also, the total cost in gunpowder may be slightly different, as the game has a tendency to change various values' hundredths space (e.g. 10.26 may inexplicably get changed to 10.25). The numbers above were what the mortar said when it was finally configured. After picking itup and putting it back down, the GP requirement was reduced to 2777.
Only a screenshot so far...
I was asked how this was done, and though I'm still deciding whether or not to improve upon it and re-enter later, I thought I'd share because it's a neat effect. This firework essentially combines rotation, thrust and timing to create the effect of sweeping arcs that start out forming the body of the jellyfish and swoop around to turn into animated tentacles of a sort. They are sort of like pinwheels, but with slow rotation and short duration, so a full spiral is never formed. The platform stage is launched before the initial stage actually comes to a stop, which gives somewhat of an effect of the jellyfish pushing its self upward while at the same time causing the body-end of each tentacle to start fairly close to where the previous one ended.
For brevity I've just included one of the sets of stages launched from the platform; the actual firework exhibited had two others that were just the same thing with different colors, duration (for varying tentacle length) and offset for the stages launched from platform (so they're spaced out).
Stage | Description | Duration | Speed | Thrust | Rotation | Axis | Color | Parent | Direction | Rockets | Reps | Offset |
1 | Initial | 1.6 | 20.52 | 0 | 0 | right | none | |||||
2 | Rising Platform | 10 | 0 | 10.26 | 0 | right | none | 1 | forward | 1 | 1 | 0 |
3 | Position/Orientation | 0.01 | 15.26 | 0 | 9000 | up | none | 2 | funnel | 6 | 10 | 0 |
4 | Tentacle Base | 1.5 | 5.13 | 0 | 180 | up | none | 3 | forward | 1 | 1 | 0 |
5 | Body/Tentacles | 1 | 0 | 40.26 | 12 | up | green | 4 | forward | 1 | 20 | 0 |
Stage | Description | Duration | Speed | Thrust | Rotation | Axis | Color | Parent | Direction | Rockets | Reps | Offset |
1 | base | 1.5 | 0 | 10.26 | 0 | right | none | |||||
2 | lower base | 0.5 | 5.13 | 0 | 0 | right | none | 1 | forward | 1 | 1 | 0 |
3 | 10 | 0 | 10.26 | 0 | right | none | 2 | forward | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
4 | upper base | 2 | 20.52 | 0 | 0 | right | none | 1 | forward | 1 | 1 | 1.5 |
5 | 10 | 0 | 10.26 | 0 | right | none | 4 | forward | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
6 | foot | 0.02 | 3 | 0 | 0 | right | none | 3 | ring | 20 | 20 | 0 |
7 | 4 | 0 | 10.26 | 0 | right | red | 6 | down | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
8 | stem up | 5 | 4 | 10.26 | 0 | right | red | 3 | forward | 1 | 20 | 0 |
9 | stem down | 0.5 | 0 | 2.26 | 0 | right | blue | 5 | forward | 1 | 20 | 0 |
10 | 4.5 | 0 | 10.26 | 0 | right | blue | 9 | forward | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
11 | cup | 2.2 | 10 | 15 | 70 | down | red | 5 | funnel | 20 | 30 | 0 |
12 | bubbles | 0.3 | 30 | 0 | 0 | right | none | 5 | forward | 1 | 50 | 0 |
13 | 0.6 | 10 | 0 | 0 | right | none | 12 | random | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
14 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | right | white | 13 | forward | 1 | 1 | 0 |
This mortar didn't have a title. The red part looked bad with my very low framerate, but it must've looked something like it did in the simulator for others, coming in first place on 16 May 2004's 250-glower-limit contest with a score somewhere around 490. It uses lots of gunpowder and thrust/rotation to make a sorta wavy dancing morphing thing with 245 glowers. For added fun, switch the ring from 2 rockets to 6 in the simulator.
Stage | Duration | Speed | Thrust | Rotation | Axis | Color | Parent | Direction | Rockets | Reps | Offset |
1 | 4 | 40.58 | 0 | 0 | right | red | |||||
2 | 0.01 | 40.58 | 0 | 0 | right | none | 1 | ring | 2 | 1 | 0 |
3 | 4 | 0 | 10.26 | 0 | right | blue | 2 | down | 1 | 1 | 0 |
4 | 8 | 40.58 | 80 | 120 | down | yellow | 3 | forward | 1 | 40 | 0 |
5 | 5 | 80 | 80 | 120 | down | green | 4 | down | 1 | 1 | 0 |
6 | 5 | 80 | 80 | 120 | up | red | 5 | down | 1 | 1 | 0 |
8 | 4 | 80 | 200 | 360 | down | blue | 3 | down | 1 | 1 | 0 |
Cost is 245 glowers, ~ 17 aluminum powder, ~ 1500 gp.
Stage | Duration | Speed | Thrust | Rotation | Axis | Color | Parent | Direction | Rockets | Reps | Offset | Description |
1 | 0.01 | 38 | 0 | 0 | right | none | fly up | |||||
2 | 0.01 | 40 | 0 | 0 | right | none | 1 | left | 1 | 1 | 0 | fly E-W |
3 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | right | red | 2 | down | 1 | 1 | 0 | already rotate |
4 | 0.01 | 80 | 0 | 0 | right | none | 3 | down | 1 | 1 | 0 | shoot back |
5 | 12 | 0 | 13.26 | 0 | right | yellow | 4 | down | 1 | 1 | 0 | up-curved flight |
6 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | right | none | 5 | ring | 2 | 40 | 0 | shoot 'wings' |
7 | 0.01 | 20 | 0 | 0 | right | none | 6 | right | 1 | 1 | 0 | rotate perpendicular |
8 | 0.6 | 10 | 12 | 0 | right | red | 7 | down | 1 | 1 | 0 | down shoots up, real wings |
9 | 5 | 0 | 12 | 0 | right | red | 8 | forward | 1 | 1 | 0 | down shoots up, real wings |
10 | 0.01 | 60 | 0 | 0 | right | none | 9 | down | 1 | 30 | 0 | wing1 shoot back |
11 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | right | yellow | 10 | random | 2 | 1 | 0 | wing1 |
12 | 0.01 | 70 | 0 | 0 | right | none | 9 | down | 1 | 5 | 0 | wing2 shoot back |
13 | 1.5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | right | red | 12 | random | 3 | 1 | 0 | wing2 |
14 | 0.01 | 80 | 0 | 0 | right | none | 5 | down | 1 | 80 | 0 | body shoot back |
15 | 1 | 10 | 0 | 0 | right | yellow | 14 | random | 5 | 1 | 0 | body |
16 | 2 | 5 | 0 | 0 | right | red | 14 | random | 3 | 1 | 0 | body |
17 | 0.8 | 5 | 0 | 0 | right | yellow | 3 | random | 3 | 60 | 0 | trail |
18 | 2 | 20 | 0 | 0 | right | yellow | 3 | omni | 100 | 1 | 0 | burst at flight start |
19 | 0.5 | 10 | 0 | 0 | right | none | 5 | random | 3 | 1 | 0 | setup for end burst |
20 | 3 | 30 | 0 | 0 | right | yellow | 19 | omni | 100 | 3 | 0 | end burst |
Total Cost: Al Powder: 93 Papyrus Paper: 1 Gunpowder: 2106 Red Glowers: 1141 Yellow Glowers: 5481
Stage | Duration | Speed | Thrust | Rotation | Axis | Color | Parent | Direction | Rockets | Reps | Offset | Description |
1 | 3 | 30.78 | 0 | 0 | right | none | ||||||
2 | 15 | 0 | 10.26 | 0 | right | none | 1 | forward | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
3 | 0.01 | 5 | 0 | 0 | right | none | 2 | ring | 15 | 22 | 2.9 | |
4 | 2 | 0 | 10.26 | 0 | right | yellow | 3 | down | 1 | 1 | 0 | base |
5 | 0.01 | 5 | 0 | 0 | right | none | 4 | down | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
6 | 5.2 | 5 | 10.26 | 0 | right | yellow | 5 | down | 1 | 1 | 0 | walls |
7 | 0.01 | 3.5 | 0 | 0 | right | none | 6 | forward | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
8 | 0.75 | 4 | 0 | 0 | right | white | 7 | random | 1 | 1 | 0 | froth |
9 | 11 | 0 | 10.26 | 0 | right | none | 2 | forward | 1 | 1 | 11 | |
10 | 0.01 | 5 | 0 | 0 | right | none | 9 | ring | 1 | 100 | 0 | |
11 | 2 | 0 | 10.26 | 0 | right | none | 10 | down | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
12 | 0.01 | 6 | 0 | 4500 | up | none | 11 | up | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
13 | 2.05 | 5 | 50 | 145 | down | yellow | 12 | forward | 1 | 1 | 0 | handle |
14 | 0.01 | 6 | 0 | 4500 | up | none | 11 | up | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | |
15 | 1.85 | 5 | 50 | 150 | down | yellow | 14 | forward | 1 | 1 | 0 | handle |
16 | 3.4 | 7.5 | 10.26 | 0 | right | none | 9 | forward | 1 | 20 | 0 | |
17 | 0.01 | 1.5 | 0 | 0 | right | none | 16 | forward | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
18 | 0.75 | 7 | 0 | 0 | right | white | 17 | random | 8 | 1 | 0 | more froth |
A fairly simple experiment to show the various 'up' directions.
Stage | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
Duration | 4 | .1 | 1 | 2 |
launch speed | 10.25 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
Thrust | 10.25 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
Rotation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Rotation axis | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Star Type | none | none | none | none |
Launch from | 1 | 2 | 1 | |
Launch direction | upward | ring | upward | |
# rockets | 1 | 6 | 1 | |
# repetitions | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
offset | 0 | 0 | 0 |
See also: Pyrotechnics Guide, Pyrotechnics Formulas, Public Pyro Labs