Consecrate a newly-built pyramid to pass this test. Consult this article for a detailed guide to pyramid construction.
There are currently 5 sizes of pyramid which can be built. Any size will suffice for the test; if your only goal is to pass the test, there is no reason to build any but the smallest of pyramids (a Pyramid of the People). Once Egypt builds seven pyramids of a particular size, the next size becomes available.
There are seven levels of the Pyramid Construction skill -- one available at universities of each discipline. (Each new type of university you learn the skill from will increase your level by one.) Level 7 is required to consecrate a pyramid, while lesser levels are required to assist with the various construction steps, as listed below:
Whoever performs the final step (consecration) passes the test.
The work-intensive steps are the pushing and the digging, and prospecting for the blocks. Have a friend, or two, or three, help you out with these steps. The digging especially benefits from teamwork, as partially-unearthed blocks will begin to sink back into the sand. Thus, two people digging is significantly faster than one person.
An ability called Beauty of Night is gained at successive Pyrotechnics skills that allows you to more easily find blocks. Also, the Automatons built using Ancient Mechanics are of great use when building, as they are much more efficient at dragging blocks up to about 10 people.
Hashing -- All the blocks found are put into a hash table. Any subsequent "blocks" that hash to the same location will not be found. In the 10x10 pattern, hashing happens in 100x100 blocks NW/SE. Gets better the farther away you go. The hashing effect does not seem to cross the y=-2000 line at the site of the PoMWs.